Mushroom identification

Here's what you can expect: • Insightful information you need to identify over 450 species of fungi from all around the world • Clear photographs of each kind of mushroom and its cross-sections are accompanied by annotations and descriptions, along with scale illustrations and identification charts • Learn about the different anatomical ...

1. Picture Mushroom. Picture Mushroom is a popular mushroom identification app that allows you to upload a photo of an unknown mushroom, and the community will help you identify the mushroom. The app rapidly identifies mushrooms from pictures but it's difficult to tell the accuracy rate or the number of species the app covers.Australia & New Zealand Fungus Identification - FacebookThe cap of the lawnmower mushroom is usually 1/4-1 1/2 inch in diameter - it's a small mushroom with a thin stem and a small round cap. It has a widely conical or bell-shaped structure, eventually becoming convex or nearly flat. It is bald and hygrophanous, meaning its color changes dramatically as it loses moisture.Identification Guide. The cap of the brick top mushroom is wide, convex (curved inwards, with a lip), or mostly flat. It averages 1-4 inches across, is brick-reddish colored, and has no markings or decorations. Often, the caps are lighter in color around the edges, either pinkish or tan to yellowish.3.4 Field Guide. 4 What to Look For. 5 Be on the Lookout: Four Easily Identifiable Washington State Edibles! 5.1 Chicken-of-the-Woods (Laetiporus sulphureus) 5.2 Shaggy Mane (Coprinus comatus) 5.3 Pacific Golden Chanterelle (Cantharellus formosus) 5.4 Lion’s Mane (Hericium eranacius, hericium coralloides, and hericium americanum) 6 A Few ...

Wrapping up my mushroom kick, I put together a final video on mushroom foraging, this time on five easy to ID Florida edible wild mushrooms: The Florida edible mushrooms I believe are easiest to identify are boletes, puffballs, chanterelles, indigo milk-caps and ganodermas (or reishi). None of them are too hard to identify and their possible ...Read the beginner's guide to mushroom identification basics for additional information and guidance. Also, consider that identifying mushrooms is non-trivial, and there's a significant chance, especially for beginners, that you might get the ID wrong. Never consume a mushroom based on the result obtained by using this tool.8 Edible Mushrooms: How to Identify Edible Mushroom Types. It’s essential to know the difference between what can nourish you and what can harm you, especially in a survival scenario. If you’re going mushroom foraging for the first time, you need to know the types of fungi you can eat and those you must avoid. Learn more …Certain mushrooms will change colors when damaged or injured. Cutting into a mushroom and observing any color changes can be very important when trying to determine what it is. This bolete stains blue when bruised. Please note that color change alone is one of the least reliable ways to go about mushroom identification. There are always ... 3 - ShroomID on iOS and Android. With a commendable 4.7 rating on the App Store and a 4.3 score on Google Play, ShroomID is certainly among the best mushroom identification apps available to keen foragers. It features handy capabilities including blooming calendars, but the most striking is its photo identification function.

Veiled oyster mushroom stems are cream-colored or pale brown and vary in length – compared to other oyster mushrooms, which often have stubby stems, this one is long. The stem will stretch out to the light and is usually curved. The stem can be nonexistent, as well. On average, though, it is 1-3 inches long.The Northern Tooth ( Climacodon septentrionalis) is an impressively large mushroom distinguished by its tooth-like structures underneath the cap. This is a common species to encounter if you live in the Midwest or Northeast. Sadly, the northern tooth is more often to cause disappointment rather than excitement.The cap on this yellowfoot mushroom is bright orange to orange-yellow but fades with age to become dull yellow. Caps are 0.5-1.25 inches wide, and the hollow bright orange stem is 0.75-2.25 inches long. The false gills are pronounced, blunt, and pale yellow to pale gray. They usually develop a pinkish tint with age.Learn about 1102 new mushrooms with detailed descriptions, photos, and identification tips. Find out how to identify common and rare mushrooms with the ultimate mushroom …Mushroom Study Guides. Below are icons representing each mushroom species or group that all program participants will be required to identify in order to pass our program and receive an Expert Mushroom Identifier Card from MDARD. Clicking on a mushroom icon will take you to the page containing the information you need to know about that mushroom.British wild mushroom and fungi guide: how to identify and where to find - Countryfile.com. BBC Countryfile's expert guide on how to identify and where to pick the most common fungi and wild mushrooms found in the UK.

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Sep 1, 2022 · Identification keys include the stem, a spore print, what the mushroom is growing on, and the structure of the stem base, which could be below ground. Take two collecting baskets when foraging ... A good mushroom field guide or identification book will include a dichotomous key or at minimum a complete set of descriptive characteristics for each mushroom presented. More Help . You will find some recommended mushroom identification books and online resources on the CMS Links Page.Identification. Cap. The cap of the splitgill mushroom is quite small, typically ranging from 0.4 to 1.8 inches in diameter. Its shape varies from fan-shaped when attached laterally to decaying wood to saucer-shaped when centrally attached. The flesh is dense and sturdy, with a sponge-like texture.Russula emetic is also commonly referred to as the sickener, emetic russula, or vomiting russula. The cap of this mushroom is between 2.5 to 8.5 cm (1.0 to 3.3 inches) in diameter with convex to flat shape and bright red to reddish-pink color. It is sometimes with a central depression or a shallow umbo.Our identification guide has features of mushrooms, toadstools, puffballs, brackets and crust fungi in the - Class Basidiomycota (basidiomycetes) as well as cup and flask fungi from the Ascomycota (ascomycetes). In the gilled mushroom section learn about the Agaricaceae, which includes edible fungi such as Agaricus arvensis, the Horse …Red mushroom identification. Frost's bolete is distinct from other bolete mushrooms due to its deep red color, rather than reddish-brown or rusty red hues. Crepidotus cinnabarinus. Crepidotus cinnabarinus is an unusual orange-red mushroom that resembles a red shell. Its gills are pronounced and reddish-orange.

Careful identification of every single mushroom is critical. Jack O'Lantern (Omphalotus illudens) Jack o'Lantern Mushroom is not usually deadly, but it will make eaters extremely sick. Being very orange, it is sometimes mistaken for orange or yellow edible mushrooms, even when the resemblance is otherwise slight. The species' other claim ...Identification. This mushroom grows in a funnel or trumpet shape and doesn't have gill or caps and stems in the traditional sense. The blue chanterelle is one uninterrupted hollow body with a lighter-colored exterior and darker interior. On the inside, the mushroom is very dark blue, purplish, or black - a violet-black. ...The very last band on the outer rim of a fresh turkey tail cap is usually white, making it easier to identify from afar. As it ages, this whiteness may fade to cream or brown. Many look-alikes have an outer band that is brown, purple, or another color. It's important to note that you can't go on color alone when identifying turkey tail.identification or edibility of wild mushrooms. See the recommended resources below for more detailed and comprehensive information on this aspect of mushrooms. Recommended Resources Mushroom identification guidebooks and organizations useful for eastern North America: Barron, George. 1999. Mushrooms of Northeast North America. Renton, WA: Lone PineChanterelles are golden-colored mushrooms that are a favorite of chefs and foragers in South Carolina, and you can find several species of them in the state. These types of mushrooms have a trumpet-like shape with gill-like ridges on the underside of the fungi. They have a fruit aroma with a light nutty flavor. 2. Oyster Mushrooms.To collect mushrooms, It’s handy to have a wide, flat-bottomed wicker basket, a mushroom knife, and a pocket field guide. You can also bring mesh fruit bags or brown paper bags. Plastic bags, …Boletus edulis Mushroom Identification. Cap. The cap is 1.97 to 7.87 inches (5 to 20 cm) in diameter, fleshy, initially hemispherical, later convex-spread, pillow-like, spread, flat-spread. The surface is initially pubescent, later smooth, slightly wrinkled, matte, slippery in wet weather, shiny, yellowish-brown, chestnut-brown, dark brown ...Members' interests are wide ranging in areas related to fungi, including mushroom identification, photography, cooking and mushroom cultivation. The Mycological Society of Toronto is a non-profit, volunteer-managed association of amateur mycologists and others with an interest in wild mushrooms and other fungi, based in Toronto, Canada. Our ...Mushroom identification Cup fungi. Cup fungi are a group of fungi characterized by their cup-shaped fruiting bodies, which resemble small, often colourful bowls or cups. These fungi typically belong to the Ascomycota phylum and are known for their diverse colours and habitats. They are commonly found growing on decaying wood, leaf litter, or in ...The 18 Morel Mushroom Species of the United States. Elephant Ear False Morels: A Complete Guide To Identification and Edibility. The Hooded False Morel: Identification Guide. Oyster Mushroom: Identification, Foraging, and Cooking. Violet Toothed Polypores: Species and Identification Guide. Rooting Mushrooms of North America.Veiled oyster mushroom stems are cream-colored or pale brown and vary in length – compared to other oyster mushrooms, which often have stubby stems, this one is long. The stem will stretch out to the light and is usually curved. The stem can be nonexistent, as well. On average, though, it is 1-3 inches long.

Comparing mushrooms to pictures is rarely successful. Instead, carefully studying the mushrooms (see the links to the right to get started) and using identification "keys," which ask questions to narrow down possibilities, is a more successful strategy. Mushroom Identification Keys . Collecting for Study Making Spore Prints Descriptions & Journals

Mushrooms of Georgia Identification Record Book: A Simple Take Along Book to Identify and Track Mushrooms in the Southeast. by Hello Wild | Mar 12, 2022. 2.7 out of 5 stars 10. Paperback. $9.99 $ 9. 99. FREE delivery on $25 shipped by Amazon. More Buying Choices $9.24 (2 new offers) Related searches.The mushroom goes from inky black to a clean white. Additionally, the change occurs when you pick them. It can be to your advantage if you have the inky black fungus in your yard as it attracts and eats tiny worms known as nematodes. The tousled inky cap is edible, provided that you cook it when it's clean white. 2. A great way to identify mushrooms is to identify trees. A lot can be determined by knowing which type of tree or trees the mushroom was found near or on. Spore Print. A spore print is like the fingerprint of the fungi. It is a unique identifier, though it rarely can be used alone to identify a mushroom. Other easy-to-identify Florida mushrooms include mushrooms from the Boletaceae family such as the King Boletus or Porcini mushroom. As a common edible mushroom, these mushrooms have a mildly nutty taste, grow in the early fall or spring and show up in fir, spruce or pine forests. Tops are medium-to-large sized with a brownish-red, brown or tan ...Mushroom identification Mycena. Very small species with thin stems and mainly conical caps. Some exude a liquid on breaking the stem. Click on the pictures to enlarge them, and click on the captions to see the details and additional pictures. Remember that comparing the mushroom's likeness to a photograph is not a sufficient identification method.In this article, we will discuss the key features that can help you identify shiitake mushrooms with confidence. Shiitake mushrooms are native to East Asia and are known for their distinctive umbrella-shaped caps and white gills. They have a light to dark brown cap that ranges from 5 to 15 cm in diameter. The cap edges roll down and inwards ...Viewing and Measuring Spores. Observing spores, and measuring them, is probably the easiest of the various microscope routines involved in mycology, and it's a good place to start.You will be surprised at how useful it can be in the identification process to know whether a mushroom's spores are smooth, "ornamented," "ridged," or "pitted" (etc.), and to know their dimensions.Haymaker Mushroom (Panaeolus foenisecii) Specifications: The Haymaker Mushroom has a Brown cap, white spores, thin, small brown stalks, and brown gills. This type of mushroom grows from spring to early winter in Alabama and the United States. It can also be found throughout the Northern Hemisphere of the world.

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1. Picture Mushroom. Picture Mushroom is a popular mushroom identification app that allows you to upload a photo of an unknown mushroom, and the community will help you identify the mushroom. The app rapidly identifies mushrooms from pictures but it’s difficult to tell the accuracy rate or the number of species the app …Mar 1, 2022 · How To Observe A Mushroom Cap For Identification. Shape and size. Possibly the most important thing to note. Although the familiar shape is convex, a cap can appear in many different forms. See this Wikipedia page for pictures of pileus shapes. Texture (brittle, soft, smooth, covered in hairs). Color and bruising. Green Russula. Green Russulas (Russula virescens) are some of the largest and tastiest types of green mushrooms. They show a bright cap with a pattern of green dots of various shapes which may make it look poisonous. Green Rusulla mushrooms have a rich nutty aroma and are consumed mostly in Europe and Asia.Haymaker Mushroom (Panaeolus foenisecii) Specifications: The Haymaker Mushroom has a Brown cap, white spores, thin, small brown stalks, and brown gills. This type of mushroom grows from spring to early winter in Alabama and the United States. It can also be found throughout the Northern Hemisphere of the world.The Mushroom Course is an introductory- to intermediate-level course, ideal for students who are looking to become more familiar with mushroom biology and identification, understand the bigger picture of fungal ecology, discover the joys (and risks!) of mushroom foraging, and responsibly incorporate fungi into their lives.First, is there any red anywhere on the mushroom including the cap, stem or pores. If there is treat the mushroom as poisonous. Secondly cut the mushroom in half vertically, if the flesh immediately or rapidly stains blue, again treat it as poisonous. If the Bolete in question passes the above tests it isn't a toxic mushroom.Odor. Fresh mushrooms have a mild, earthy aroma. If a mushroom emits a foul or unpleasant smell, it's a strong indicator of spoilage. Trust your nose; it can be your best ally in mushroom identification. 5. Texture. Touch the mushroom gently. A fresh mushroom should feel firm and crisp. Sliminess, or a mushy texture, is a clear sign of aging ... ….

Identification Techniques. As with all things, it’s always best to start with the basics. Mushroom identification is a science, but it isn’t hard. It simply takes time, a bit of dedication, and willingness to learn. All About Boletes: An Introduction To Bolete Foraging and Identification. The Best Mushroom Identification Books By Region. Pine mushrooms are also mycorrhizal, meaning they form a symbiotic relationship with the roots of certain trees, such as pine, fir, and spruce. By paying attention to these identifying characteristics, mushroom hunters can confidently identify pine mushrooms in the wild and enjoy their delicious flavor in a variety of dishes. Habitat and ...Matsutake or Pine Mushrooms: Identification, Harvesting and Cooking. Published: Nov 11, 2013 Modified: Aug 5, 2023 Author: Alan Bergo. Jump to Recipe Jump to Video. A mushroom of legend. For over 1000 years, the Japanese have spoken poetically about matsutake mushrooms as a symbol of autumn and longevity, with haikus and plenty of ceremony ...Mushrooms are fascinating organisms with a wide variety of shapes and structures. In this section, we will discuss the main parts of a mushroom, which can help in identification and understanding their biology. Cap (Pileus) The cap, also known as the pileus, is the umbrella-like structure on top of the mushroom. It is the most visible part of ...And the eastern mushroom guides keep on coming, especially those from the Southeast. Recent releases have included Southeastern Mushrooms, by Todd Elliott and Steve Stephenson, Tim Baroni's Mushrooms of the Northeastern United States and Eastern Canada, Mushrooms of the Georgia Piedmont & Southern Appalachians: A Reference by Mary Woehrel and William Light, and most recently, Appalachian ...Comparing mushrooms to pictures is rarely successful. Instead, carefully studying the mushrooms (see the links to the right to get started) and using identification "keys," which ask questions to narrow down possibilities, is a more successful strategy. Mushroom Identification Keys . Collecting for Study Making Spore Prints Descriptions & JournalsThese mushrooms further show dark purple coloring on the inner cap and bright purple nuances on the margins of the cap. A vividly-colored species, these mushrooms have all-white stipes and cream-to-white gills. Like other types of brittlegills, the mushrooms are common in the woodlands of Europe and North America.Shaggy inkcap. The shaggy inkcap, also known as a ‘lawyer’s wig’ for obvious reasons. The long, shaggy cap of this fungus has earned it many nicknames, from ‘lawyer’s wig’ to ‘shaggy mane’. The white scales on its cap give the appearance of a ruffled head of hair, although it looks a lot more mushroom-like when you get close up. Mushroom identification, Parasol Mushroom Identification. The word "procera" means tall, which is a great way to describe the very stately parasol mushroom. Caps. Parasol mushroom caps start out as pale brown spheres atop a slender stem. This stage doesn't last long, for as soon as the mushroom starts to grow, it breaks the brown outer skin (veil) to show off its ..., The common conecap mushroom is a small, dainty brown-orange mushroom found in yards and lawns. The small yard mushroom is identified by its conical or bell-shaped cap, brown gills, and slender, straight stems. The cap is typically 0.4” to 1.2” (1 – 3 cm) in diameter on top of a stipe 2” to 3.5” (5 – 9 cm) tall., The shrimp of the woods ( Entoloma abortivum) is a fascinating edible species most common east of the Rocky Mountains. The mushroom that foragers harvest is actually a combination of two species. Shrimp of the woods fungi parasitize the honey mushroom to form an odd, lumpy, white mass that is prized as a culinary treat., You can search the mushroom database here based on the name or some property of the mushroom. Please enter the data in the text box below in order to perform the search. TIP: Enter only a part of the name and all mushrooms with a name that contain the search string are displayed. Try for example with "Boletus" and mushrooms in the boletus genus ..., With nicknames like "soul mushroom" and "mushroom of immortality," this fungus has quite the reputation. Eastern practitioners have used reishi for over 2,000 years to fight everything from depression to ... Read on for a complete guide to reishi mushroom identification, including where to search for these fabulous fungi and how to tell ..., Scaly Vase Mushroom Identification. Season. Summer through fall. On the west coast, you can also find them in winter. Unlike some mushrooms, which deteriorate quickly, the Scaly Vase is a slow grower, and the fruit bodies last up to a month., Pinwheel mushrooms typically grow between 0.5 to 3.1 inches (1.2 to 8 cm) in height, with their tiny whitish caps measuring 0.1 to 0.8 inches (0.3 to 2 cm) in diameter. Identification of Lawn Mushrooms. The pinwheel mushroom, a type of small fungi commonly found in lawns, can be identified by its thin brown stem supporting a convex-shaped ..., Find out which mushrooms are edible or discover the best places for picking mushrooms with our top book picks. 8 Best Books for Mushroom Hunters and Enthusiasts. The Complete Mushroom Hunter; All That the Rain Promises and More: A Hip Pocket Guide to Western Mushrooms; Mushrooms: How to Identify and Gather Wild Mushrooms and Other Fungi, Pluck the mushroom and take more photos showing all aspects of the mushroom including the full in tact stem, the spore bearing surface, the top, etc. 3. Don't provide ID with JUST a common name. ID should be given as binomial. If there is one, the common name is fine to include as an addition. Joke ID's will be removed., Platterful Mushroom Identification Guide. Season. The ideal season to find this mushroom is from May through October, particularly after rainfall during the warmer months. Habitat. The Platterful Mushroom is found growing alone or in small groups on rotting hardwood logs or emerging from buried deadwood. It is a saprobic species, meaning it ..., Honey Mushroom (Armillaria mellea) is a wild, edible fungi. Identify honey mushroom via pictures, habitat, height, spore print, gills and colour. ... There are many forms of honey mushrooms, and in some books they are all given the scientific name Armillaria mellea even though it is now accepted that there are several distinct Armillaria ..., Learn how to identify different types of mushrooms from color, size, shape, spore color, bruising, habitat and more. See eight key traits to observe and five examples of mushrooms with pictures and descriptions. Never eat anything based on what you read here or anywhere else on the Internet., Mushroom identification and foraging can be a rewarding hobby, offering a chance to connect with nature and enjoy edible wild mushrooms. However, it is essential to learn proper identification techniques and safety tips to ensure a successful and safe experience. Identification Techniques. Identifying mushrooms correctly is crucial to …, However, if you are trying to identify a mushroom, such a taxonomical arrangement is not likely to help much, unless you have access to a microscope and, in many cases, a DNA laboratory. For this reason the identification keys at this site are based on features that amateur mushroomers can observe. 1., Honey mushrooms, scientifically known as Armillaria mellea, are a fascinating group of fungi that have captured the attention of mycologists and foragers alike. These edible mushrooms are sought after by culinary enthusiasts, but their identification can be tricky, especially when compared to their toxic look alike, the deadly galerina., They are 2-5 inches wide, have a folded margin, and noticeable concentric zonal coloring. The bleeding milkcap grows 2-6 inches tall and is quite brittle. Seeing red liquid ooze from the gills sounds scary, but it's sign of excellent saffron milky caps species. This milky cap bleeds red latex "milk" from the pores., Agaricus sylvaticus, AKA the pinewood mushroom, is an edible species that stains reddish when cut. Photo by Jersy Opiola.Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported. If you're trying to identify the scent of Agaricus mushrooms, in my experience these aromas are fairly strong with fresh specimens.Crushing some of the stem and then taking a good whiff will usually tell ..., The flesh of the morel is white, firm, and brittle. The cap of the Morchella can be oval or elongate in shape. Its texture significantly contributes to the overall identification of this mushroom. The cap is attached to a thick, white, stout stem, which adds to its distinct appearance. When searching for the largest morel mushrooms, one must be ..., After collecting the mushroom, the identification process begins by determining which group it belongs to. First, inspect the underside of the cap. If it is covered in gills, which are narrow strips arranged radially around the stem, the mushroom belongs to the gilled mushroom group, which includes russulas, amanitas, and many others. , How to Identify Wood Ear Mushroom. Many wood ear fungi look like human ears, but all flushes are different, and some lack a distinct ear-like appearance. You may find them growing alone, in clusters, or in rosettes. Wood ear has a particular jelly-like consistency and a lot of size variance., Certain mushrooms will change colors when damaged or injured. Cutting into a mushroom and observing any color changes can be very important when trying to determine what it is. This bolete stains blue when bruised. Please note that color change alone is one of the least reliable ways to go about mushroom identification. There are always ..., Certain mushrooms will change colors when damaged or injured. Cutting into a mushroom and observing any color changes can be very important when trying to determine what it is. This bolete stains blue when bruised. Please note that color change alone is one of the least reliable ways to go about mushroom identification. There are always ..., The Rogers Mushrooms App is the perfect tool for learning about and identifying mushrooms, and for networking with other mushroom hunters. The app offers the most complete catalogue of wild mushrooms and fungi across Europe and North America, featuring over 2,600 photographs of 1,650 fungi species that have been collected in the wild by renowned mycologist and best selling author Roger ..., This course gives you access to a wide range of tutorial videos from our live mushroom identification lectures given in Newtown, Sydney, Australia. The objective of this course is to teach you how to safely forage and identify common Australian mushrooms. $24.99. "I haven't ever seen a season like this in Australia in terms of the diversity ..., Describing Mushrooms and Keeping a Journal. Many years of experience helping others (and myself) identify mushrooms have convinced me that the surest route to success is to keep a journal in which you carefully describe the mushrooms you find before you try to identify them with field guides, websites, or technical literature. It is a time-consuming process but it works best, since missing ..., Conduct a Taste Test. Some mushrooms have a bitter taste that can help in identification. It’s okay to do a “nibble and spit” taste test with any bolete; just don’t swallow. Place a small piece of the cap on your tongue for 5-10 seconds. Note whether it is bitter, fruity, sweet, or completely lacking in any taste., Field Mushroom ( Agaricus campestris) Specifications: The Field Mushroom has a white and pink cap, dark chocolate spores, narrow to broad white stalks that are brown, and deep pink and brown gills. This type of mushroom grows from late summer to early winter throughout the world, including Indiana, Ireland, and Wales., Field Mushroom ( Agaricus campestris) Specifications: The Field Mushroom has a white and pink cap, dark chocolate spores, narrow to broad white stalks that are brown, and deep pink and brown gills. This type of mushroom grows from late summer to early winter throughout the world, including Florida, Ireland, and Wales., While some types can be tricky, there are a number of wild mushrooms that are easy to identify. These tasty edible mushrooms are perfect for beginning mushroom foragers! Edible Wild Mushrooms, Clockwise from Top Left: Morels, Chanterelles, Lobster Mushrooms, and Pheasant Back Mushrooms. Beginning mushroom foragers are often told to start with ..., The prince of mushrooms, Agaricus augustus, is one of the easiest mushrooms to identify due to one very sweet and wonderful characteristic: it smells like almond extract.And the smell isn't withholding — it is a robust marzipan-like scent. The prince agaricus is a fun mushroom to forage!, What is amanita muscaria, and why is it so important. Amanita muscaria, commonly known as Fly Agaric, is a mushroom found throughout Europe, Asia, and North America in the Northern hemisphere. While the distinctive red-capped fungus can be seen growing beneath birch and pine trees, it is highly sought after because of its medicinal properties.It was used across cultures for centuries to treat ..., 1. Choose mushrooms without white gills. Look for mushrooms with gills that are brown or tan. While some mushrooms with white gills are edible, the most …, Mushroom, the conspicuous umbrella-shaped fruiting body (sporophore) of certain fungi, typically of the order Agaricales in the phylum Basidiomycota but also of some other groups. Popularly, the term mushroom is used to identify the edible sporophores; the term toadstool is often reserved for inedible sporophores.